It also describes Mathpert, a piece of software that was built with these criteria in mind. This paper lists eight design criteria that must be met if we are to provide successful computer support for education in algebra, trigonometry, and calculus. This study provides further evidence that laboratory tutoring systems can be scaled up and made to work, both technically and pedagogically, in real and unforgiving settings like urban high schools. On average the 470 students in experimental classes outperformed students in comparison classes by 15% on standardized tests and 100% on tests targeting the PUMP objectives. In the 1993-94 school year, we evaluated the effect of the PUMP curriculum and PAT tutor use. We have built an intelligent tutor, called PAT, that supports this curriculum and has been made a regular part of 9th grade Algebra in 3 Pittsburgh schools. The Pittsburgh Urban Mathematics Project (PUMP) has produced an algebra curriculum that is centrally focused on mathematical analysis of real world situations and the use of computational tools. Critical to the success of this project has been a client-centered design approach that has matched our client's expertise in curricular objectives and classroom teaching with our expertise in artificial intelligence and cognitive psychology. This paper reports on a large-scale experiment introducing and evaluating intelligent tutoring in an urban High School setting.
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